ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ( Simple Past Tense )
- ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﺗﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ed ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻣﺜﻞ:
visit – visited – visited
- ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ( e ) ﻧﻀﻴﻒ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﺧﺮﻩ ﺣﺮﻑ ( d ) ﻣﺜﻞ:
Arrive – arrived
- ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ( y ) ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ علة ( a-e-i-o-u) ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ (ed ) ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ:
Play - played
- إﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑﺤﺮﻑ ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻪ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻧﻜﺮﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻴﻒ ( ed ) ﻣﺜﻞ:
Stop – stopped
ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ:
ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺫﺓ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ:
cut – cut – cut ﻳﻘﻄﻊ
put – put – put ﻳﻀﻊ
hit – hit – hit ﻳﻀﺮﺏ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ:
come – came – come ﻳﺄﺗﻲ
become – became – become ﻳﺼﺒﺢ
run – ran – run ﻳﺠﺮﻱ
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ:
buy – bought – boughtيشتري
sleep – slept – slept ﻳﻨﺎﻡ
sell – sold – sold ﻳﺒﻴﻊ
tell – told – told ﻳﺨﺒﺮ
catch – caught – caught يحضر
hear – heard – heardيسمع
ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻌﺔ:
go – went – gone ﻳﺬﻫﺐ
eat – ate – eatenيأكل
drink – drank – drunkيشرب
- ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪﺙ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﻰ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ.
- ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ:
Yesterday ﺃﻣﺲ
In the past ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ
In ancient times ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺎضية
In the middle ages ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ
Ago منذ
Once ﺫﺍﺕ ﻣﺮة
One day ﺫﺍﺕ ﻳﻮﻡ
Last … ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻭﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ
Last week ﺍﻷﺳﺒﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ
Last month - ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ
Subject: ﺍﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ( Simple Past Tense ) 
Fri Mar 06, 2015 11:12 pm
